The Central Dogma
A. What is the Central DogmaGenes are expressed by when DNA transfer to the RNA known as messenger RNA. The RNA may go to the proteins, called Ribosome RNA (rRNA) or the RNA may go outside the cell also known as transfer RNA (tRNA). DNA cannot be located outside of the nucleus. RNA is used to be located outside of the nucleus.
C. What is a gene?Genes are molecules that are directions from the DNA to create proteins that make our bodies operate. They are found in strands of DNA. A gene can be created by 3 nucleotides. One example of 3 nucleotides in a gene would be Cytosine, Urasil, and Adenine.
E. What is a protein?A protein is a macromolecule which what organisms use to function. Cells use proteins to operate. Examples of proteins are hormones and muscles.
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B. What is DNA?DNA is a molecule that encodes a set of plans to be sent to various areas of the cell. DNA uses 4 different nucleotides. They are Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, and Guanine. DNA stands for Deoxyribonucleic Acid.
RNA is the molecule that is sent from the nucleus. RNA stands for Ribonucleic Acid. Instead of Thymine, RNA uses Urasil. D. Transcription and TranslationTranscription is where RNA copies the DNA's nucleotide sequence into a sequence of RNA to send out.
Translation is where the cell uses the information received from the messenger RNA to make proteins. F. An Example of Gene ExpressionOne example of gene expression is how the light of a firefly is created. The nucleus uses Transcription to send messenger RNAs (mRNA) to the cytoplasm. Next, the ribosome inside the cytoplasm recognizes the mRNA and creates proteins. Translation is used to create enzymes and the enzymes form with a chemical called luciferin to create a visible light.
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